Building Materials And Types Of Materials
Building Material There are different types of materials are used in the Construction work mainly
1. Cement
2. Sand (River sand / M.Sand)
3. Coarse Aggregates. (20mm, 40mm etc)
4. Steel
5. Bricks/blocks
6. Water
7. Tiles
8. Wood
9. Aluminum/Upvc
10. Water proofing materials
11. Plumbing Materials
12. Electrical materials
Largely OPC & PPC are used in construction. Other types of are used mainly on a specific requirements.
Test for Cement
A. Field Test B. Laborotary Test.
• Field Test
1. Colour.
2. Physical properties
3. Presence of Lumps.
Cement
• Main types of Cement:
1.Ordinary Portland Cement. OPC
2.Portland Pozzolana Cement. PPC
3. Rapid Hardening Cement.
4. Sulfate Resisting Cement.
5. Blast furnace slag Cement.
Learn More
bar Bending Schedule Of Circular Column
6. High Alumina Cement.
Largely OPC & PPC are used in construction. Other types of are used mainly on a specific requirements.
Test for Cement
• Laboratory Test:
1. Fineness test.
2. Soundness test.
3. Consistency test.
4. Strength test.
5. Setting time.
6. Bulk density.
7. Specific gravity.
8. Chemical composition of Cement.
Test for Sand
1. Silt content test.
2. Test for Grading of sand.
3. Rubbing of test.
4. Visualization test.
5. Bulking of Sand
Test for steel
1. Tensile test.
2. Yield Stress test.
3. Percentage Elongation test.
4. Bend & Re-bend test.
5. Unit weight of steel.
6. Chemical Analysis Test.
Test for Coarse Aggregates
1. Crushing test.
2. Abrasion test.
3. Impact test.
4. Soundness test.
5. Shape test.
6. Specific gravity & water absorption test.
Grade of Steel
TMT bars — Thermo Mechanically Treated Different Grades:
1. Fe 415
2. Fe 500
3. Fe 550
4. Fe 600 Where number denotes minimum yield strength in N/mm2
Yield strength – is defined as the stress at which the reinforced bar starts to exhibit plastic deformation.
Test for bricks
2. Water Absorption test: A brick is dried and weighed. It is then immersed in water for a period of 24 hrs. It is weighed again and the difference in weight indicates the amount of water absorbed by the brick. It should not in any case exceed 20% of the dry brick.
3. Presence of soluble salt or Effloresce: For finding out the soluble salts in bricks, it is immersed in water for 24 hrs. It is then taken out allowed to dry. If the white deposit covers about 10% surface, it is Ok and if it is higher rejected.
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